{"id":14020,"date":"2025-02-21T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-21T14:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/?p=14020"},"modified":"2025-02-21T07:25:24","modified_gmt":"2025-02-21T15:25:24","slug":"investor-basics-what-are-earnings-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/investor-basics-what-are-earnings-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Investor Basics: What Are Earnings?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Every three months all of Wall Street seems to be frozen in place, awaiting the coming wave of corporate earnings. Stocks often stand still until the numbers come out, then prices can veer wildly up or down.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So what\u2019s going on? Earnings, in a nutshell, are the official reporting figures of companies for each quarter of the year. Quarters end on the last day of March, June, September and December.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are a lot of rules about how companies release earnings data. Information must be made public all at once on a set date. Usually, the earnings reports accompanied by a long, very dry management conference call with investment analysts, all of them eager to question the CEO about what the numbers mean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The reason for all of the secrecy is fairness. If you were to get access to earnings information early and trade on it, that\u2019s illegal. It\u2019s the definition of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/investor-facts-what-is-insider-trading\/\">insider trading<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" src=\"https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/stock-exchange-738671_1280-1-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"what is common stock\" class=\"wp-image-11442\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/stock-exchange-738671_1280-1-800x535.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/stock-exchange-738671_1280-1-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/stock-exchange-738671_1280-1-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/stock-exchange-738671_1280-1.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nevertheless, many companies issue early information as earnings \u201cguidance\u201d in order to avoid a nasty surprise when the actual numbers are made public. If traders were betting on a positive number that turned out to be less positive or worse, negative, that can push the price of a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/investor-facts-large-cap-stock-2\/\">stock<\/a>&nbsp;down very quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Likewise, if earnings are underestimated, that can mean a stock is likely to rise in value, at least in the short run. So companies guard this data jealously and try hard to avoid leaking anything prior to the official time and date.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Earnings in practice really means profits. Did the company make more money than in the previous three months? Stock investors reward growing profitability, so establishing a trend in earnings growth is paramount for managers who rely on their own holdings in the stock to become rich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many companies offer their managers stock options, essentially the right to accumulate stock at a lower price than public investors in lieu of salary. If the price of the stock rises over time those managers can sell their shares, sometimes at a tremendous profit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yet the actual earnings report is somewhat more complex than just profits. It includes revenue \u2014 how much the company took in \u2014 as well as line items on cost of doing business, such as labor and material costs, taxes and depreciation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong><em>Buying Growth<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Revenue is called \u201ctop line\u201d and profits \u201cbottom line\u201d since that\u2019s how they appear on a balance sheet. A lot of companies have huge top line numbers but a lot of costs between, so their bottom lines can be meager.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other companies might have smaller top-line numbers but huge top-line growth. They are increasing revenues very quickly by expanding the company, opening stores, selling more product, and so on. That\u2019s what\u2019s known as a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/investor-facts-growth-stock\/\">growth stock<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the company can keep the costs of doing business in check, the bottom line also increases quickly. That type of growth typically attracts investors, driving up the price of the stock.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the end, an investor is attempting to own a portion of those profits at a low cost. If a share price is low but profits are increasing, that\u2019s a good deal for investors. So they buy more shares and the price of the stock goes up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Over time the share price might catch up with profit growth, leading to less investor interest. Or the company might run out of room to grow and the top line slows down. An equilibrium sets in, unless the company innovates or otherwise finds a way to grow fast again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All of this information is contained in quarterly earnings, making that data the most important data an investor can learn about a stock before buying.<br><br><sub><em>Information presented is for educational purposes only for a broad audience.&nbsp; The information does not intend to make an offer or solicitation ofor the sale or purchase of any specific securities, investments, or investment strategies. Investments involve risk and are not guaranteed.&nbsp;MarketRiders (dba Sogotrade Asset Management) has reasonable belief that this marketing does not include any false or material misleading statements or omissions of facts regarding services, investment or client experience.&nbsp;MarketRiders (dba Sogotrade Asset Management) has reasonable belief that the content as a whole will not cause an untrue or misleading implication regarding the adviser\u2019s services, investments or client experiences. Please refer to our&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/form-adv-2a.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Firm Brochure (ADV2)<\/em><\/a><em> for material risks disclosures.<\/em><br><strong><em>Past performance<\/em><\/strong><em> of specific investment advice should not be relied upon without knowledge of certain circumstances of market events, nature and timing of the investments and relevant constraints of the investment.&nbsp;MarketRiders (dba Sogotrade Asset Management)&nbsp;has presented information in a&nbsp;fair and balanced manner.<\/em><br><strong><em>The opinions<\/em><\/strong><em> expressed herein are those of the firm and are subject to change without notice. The opinions referenced are as of the date of publication and are subject to change due to changes in the market or economic conditions and may not necessarily come to pass.&nbsp; Any opinions, projections, or forward-looking statements expressed herein are solely those of MarketRiders, may differ from the views or opinions expressed by other areas of the firm, and are only for general informational purposes as of the date indicated.<\/em><\/sub><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Every three months all of Wall Street seems to be frozen in place, awaiting the coming wave of corporate earnings. Stocks often stand still until the numbers come out, then &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/investor-basics-what-are-earnings-2\/\">Read more <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":11442,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.6.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Investor Basics: What Are Earnings? | MarketRiders<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marketriders.com\/investing\/investor-basics-what-are-earnings-2\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Investor Basics: What Are Earnings? | MarketRiders\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Every three months all of Wall Street seems to be frozen in place, awaiting the coming wave of corporate earnings. 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